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Coretta Scott King: The Spouse Behind a National Legacy

National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution, © The Estate of Diane Arbus © Neil Selkirk

As we reflect on the monumental contributions Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. made to humanity and the Civil Rights Movement, we are reminded of his enduring impact on justice, equality, and human dignity. His work transformed not only the United States but also inspired movements for freedom and equity worldwide. As we celebrate his impacts across the country on this national holiday, we must also recognize the incredible sacrifices and unwavering dedication and strength of those who stood alongside him, including his wife, Coretta Scott King. Coretta was a civil rights leader in her own right, championing equality and justice with unyielding resolve.

From an early age, Coretta exhibited a deep commitment to education and social justice. A gifted musician, she attended the New England Conservatory of Music in Boston, where she met Martin Luther King Jr. The two shared a vision of a world free from oppression, and their partnership became a cornerstone of the civil rights movement.

National Portrait Gallery, Smithsonian Institution © Sandra Weiner

Throughout the tumultuous years of the 1950s and 1960s, Coretta played a vital role in the fight for racial equality. She was not just a behind-the-scenes supporter but an active participant—organizing marches, speaking at rallies, and advocating for social change. Despite the constant threats to her family’s safety, she remained steadfast, balancing her roles as a mother, spouse, and change maker.

After the tragic assassination of Dr. King in 1968, Coretta Scott King refused to let his dream fade. She picked up the torch and carried it forward, founding the Martin Luther King Jr. Center for Nonviolent Social Change. The King Center became a beacon for peace and justice, acting as the largest collection of primary sources on both Dr. King and the American Civil Rights Movement in the World.  

Coretta exemplified wisdom and her legacy reflects her lifelong dedication to equality across all communities. Coretta’s work extended beyond the United States, as she advocated for global human rights and met with world leaders to foster dialogue and understanding, carrying her message of peace across the globe.

Her dedication to her spouse lives on in this national holiday due to her unwavering efforts to establish a national holiday in his honor, ensuring his legacy would inspire future generations. To this day, Martin Luther King Jr. Day is the only federal service holiday in the United States promoting volunteerism and service across the nation.

Coretta Scott King’s life exemplifies courage, resilience, and the power of conviction. She showed us that activism is not just about standing on the front lines but also about nurturing the next generation of changemakers.

Today, we honor Coretta Scott King not only for her contributions to the civil rights movement but also for her enduring message of love, equality, and justice. Her legacy continues to inspire us to envision and work toward a better world for all.

Collection of the Smithsonian National Museum of African American History and Culture, © 1965 Spider Martin

Learn more about Coretta Scott King and her Legacy at The Coretta Scott King Rose Gallery